Recent surveys of CIO’s have shown that energy is one of the leading concerns in the operation of data centers.   The IT industry ranks 6th in overall energy use compared to other large industries and if the manufacturing of IT equipment which ranks 11th is included with the power required to drive all the IT equipment then this industry is 3rd on the list of industries which use the most energy in the US.  (See the NYTimes front page article, Sunday, Sept 23, 2012 entitled “Power, Pollution and the Internet"). The EPA issued a report to the US Congress in August, 2007 and as requested through the House of Representatives to prepare a study to assess opportunities for energy efficiency improvements to computer servers and data centers in the United States.  Two points stand out in this report:1)the infrastructure support of the IT equipment within a data center contributes over 1/2 of the overall power used for maintaining a data center, and 2)the rate of growth of data center energy usage is significant.  Since that report IBM has created technologies and best practices that can improve data center energy use significantly.    There have been some significant improvements made to data centers but much more needs to be done. Some of the new technologies and best practices applied to data centers will be described along with some thoughts on what the future holds for power and cooling of data centers and how some of these will affect the design of servers of the future. Data center technologies and best practices include the deployment of co-generation, higher server ambient temperatures, DC power, liquid cooling, and use of renewables will be described.